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<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><a
href="http://www.wahenga.net/index.php/views/in_focus_full/frontiers_of_social_protection">http://www.wahenga.net/index.php/views/in_focus_full/frontiers_of_social_protection</a></span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<div align=center>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0
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<tr>
<td width=630 style='width:472.5pt;border:none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
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<tr style='height:42.75pt'>
<td style='padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:42.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;text-align:
center;line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<h1 align=center style='text-align:center;mso-line-height-alt:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#492F91'>Governance
and Social Development Resource Centre </span><span style='font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.75pt;
margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.25pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;
text-align:center;mso-line-height-alt:17.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
18.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#492F91'>Email Bulletin</span></b><b><span
style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#FF7900'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#FF7900'>Contents<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
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9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="#news"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>News</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo1'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#news1"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>New
GSDRC topic guides</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo1'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#news2"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>New
website on constitutional design</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo1'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#news3"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Social
protection research in southern Africa </span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo1'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#news4"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>New UN
data service</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l5 level1 lfo1'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#news5"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>UNDP
climate community</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="#new_documents"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>New
Documents</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#doc5"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Strengthening
voice and accountability in the health sector</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#doc2"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Rethinking
patrimonialism and neopatrimonialism in Africa</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#doc3"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Building
accountable justice in Sierra Leone</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#doc4"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>IBSA
regional security dimensions: the South African perspective</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#doc1"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Radicalisation
processes leading to acts of terrorism</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:
auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l7 level1 lfo2'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#doc6"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Conceptualising
empowerment and the implications for pro-poor growth</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="#helpdesk"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Research
Helpdesk</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo3'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#help1"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Gender
and growth in China</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo3'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#help2"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Peacebuilding
and access to justice in Sri Lanka</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo3'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#help3"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Climate
change and migration</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l8 level1 lfo3'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#help4"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Poverty
and vulnerability monitoring</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="#cons"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Consultancy
Services</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l3 level1 lfo4'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><a
href="#cons"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Monthly
report</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="64%" valign=top style='width:64.0%;background:white;padding:
5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;height:620.25pt' id=intro>
<h5 style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:silver'>Issue No 72, 18th September 2009<o:p></o:p></span></h5>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:17.0pt'><a
name=news1 id=news1></a><strong><span style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#FF7900'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/topic-guides/fragile-states" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>New GSDRC Topic Guides</span></a></span></strong><b><span
style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#FF7900'><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The GSDRC has published a
new<a href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/topic-guides/fragile-states"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'> topic
guide on fragile states</span></a> which introduces some of the best
literature on the causes, characteristics and impacts of state fragility,
the challenges of aid effectiveness and lessons learned from international
engagement in fragile contexts.<br>
<br>
Meanwhile the Commonwealth Secretariat has published a <a
href="http://www.thecommonwealth.org/document/213587/topic_guide_on_decentralisation_and_local_governme.htm"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>topic
guide on decentralisation and local government</span></a> written by GSDRC
research fellow Zoe Scott.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:17.0pt'><a
name=news2 id=news2></a><b><span style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#FF7900'><a href="http://www.constitutionmaking.org/default.html"
target="_blank"><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>New Website on Constitutional Design </span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The Comparative
Constitutions Project (CCP) and the United States Institute of Peace (USIP)
have launched <a href="http://www.constitutionmaking.org/default.html"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Constitutionmaking.org</span></a>
to support those involved in constitutional reform. The website includes
reports on trends in constitutional design, a repository of historical and
contemporary constitutional texts and a discussion forum on the challenges
of constitutional reform.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:17.0pt'><a
name=news3 id=news3></a><b><span style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#FF7900'><a
href="http://www.wahenga.net/index.php/views/in_focus_full/frontiers_of_social_protection"
target="_blank"><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Social Protection Research in Southern
Africa </span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The Regional Hunger and
Vulnerability Programme (RHVP) has recently published the first of a new
set of studies entitled <a
href="http://www.wahenga.net/index.php/views/in_focus_full/frontiers_of_social_protection"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>'Frontiers
of Social Protection (FoSP)'</span></a>. The studies aim to ensure that
policy analysis on hunger and vulnerability in southern Africa remains
relevant and reflects the latest thinking on social protection. The <a
href="http://www.wahenga.net/uploads/documents/reba_studies/FOSP_Brief_1.pdf"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>first
brief in this series</span></a> compares fertiliser subsidies and social
cash transfers as policy instruments for protecting chronically vulnerable
people from hunger.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:17.0pt'><a
name=news4 id=news4></a><b><span style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#FF7900'><a href="http://data.un.org/Default.aspx" target="_blank"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>New
UN Data Service </span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The United Nations
Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN-DESA) has developed a new
internet based data service, <a href="http://data.un.org/Default.aspx"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>UNdata</span></a>,
which brings UN statistical databases together through a single entry
point. The service currently comprises 23 databases and 6 glossaries
covering a range of statistics including population, industry, energy,
trade and national accounts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:17.0pt'><a
name=news5 id=news5></a><b><span style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#FF7900'><a href="http://www.undpcc.org/" target="_blank"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>UNDP
Climate Community </span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The United Nations
Development Programme (UNDP) has recently launched the <a
href="http://www.undpcc.org/" target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;
text-decoration:none'>UNDP Climate Community</span></a>. The website is a
knowledge database for information on key climate change issues, with a
focus on analyses of international climate negotiations and the economic
and policy implications of climate change. It is part of a UNDP project to
help enable developing countries participate in international climate
change negotiations and to assess investment and financial flows to address
climate change in selected key sectors.<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%"
style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'>
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<td width="66%" style='width:66.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
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margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.25pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
17.0pt'><a name="new_documents"></a><b><span style='font-size:13.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#FF7900'>New Documents<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
</td>
<td width="33%" style='width:33.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="#top"><span style='color:#FF7900;text-decoration:none'>Back to top</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%"
style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'>
<tr style='height:246.0pt'>
<td valign=top style='padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;height:246.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=doc5 id=doc5></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Voice and accountability </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Document&id=3387&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><b><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Strengthening
Voice and Accountability in the Health Sector</span></b></a><br>
How can greater voice and accountability for citizens bring about improved
health services? This technical brief from DFID reviews several voice and
accountability initiatives supported by the Partnerships for Transforming
Health Systems Programme (PATHS) in selected states in Nigeria. The
creation of formal mechanisms of voice and accountability can be effective
in opening space for citizen-state accountability and improving service
responsiveness. However, further work is needed from the government on
strengthening accountability mechanisms for these initiatives to be fully
successful.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td valign=top style='padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;height:246.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=doc2 id=doc2></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Governance </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Document&id=3344"
target="_blank"><b><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Rethinking
Patrimonialism and Neopatrimonialism in Africa</span></b></a><br>
Is ‘patrimonialism’ really the source of Africa’s poor governance? This
article from the African Studies Review argues that contemporary
conceptions of patrimonialism and neopatrimonialism as negative regime
types associated with corruption, clientelism, and autocracy are based on a
fundamental misreading of theory. Weber’s ‘patrimonialism’ is, rather, a
specific form of authority derived from traditional sources of legitimacy
and based on a mutual understanding of responsibilities between the ruler
and the ruled. Casting aside these misconceptions will allow African
scholars to better analyse the character of African states, without falling
back on the notion of African exceptionalism.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td valign=top style='padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;height:246.0pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=doc3 id=doc3></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Justice</span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Document&id=3501&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><b><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Building
Accountable Justice in Sierra Leone</span></b></a><br>
What are the main challenges and opportunities in building more accountable
justice institutions in Sierra Leone? This Working Paper from the Fundación
para las Relaciones Internacionales y el Diálogo Exterior (FRIDE) analyses
five key components of accountability – access, equality, information,
oversight and participation. The primary challenge for the justice system in
Sierra Leone is capacity.<br>
(Re-)building the capacity of justice institutions provides important
opportunities to strengthen their accountability by improving oversight and
information systems, addressing barriers to access and discriminatory
practices, and involving citizens in decision-making.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:248.25pt'>
<td width="33%" valign=top style='width:33.0%;padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;
height:248.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=doc4 id=doc4></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Conflict</span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Document&id=3471&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>IBSA
Regional Security Dimensions: The South African Perspective<br>
</span></a></span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'>The India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA) initiative can play a
crucial role in South-South cooperation in addressing conventional
non-traditional security threats in the contemporary global order. This
paper, published by the Centre for Policy Studies, Johannesburg, examines
the challenges facing South Africa in its efforts to secure regional
security and as an IBSA contributor. South Africa's future leadership role
will depend on the ability of regional political elites to balance
international and regional obligations with critical domestic issues.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign=top style='width:34.0%;padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;
height:248.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=doc1 id=doc1></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Radicalisation</span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Document&id=3447&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Radicalisation Processes Leading to
Acts of Terrorism</span></strong></a><br>
Understanding the origins of violent radicalisation requires understanding
that terrorist groups consist of different types of disaffected individuals
who undergo different paths of radicalisation. This report, published by
the European Commission, analyses empirical facts on violent
radicalisation, recent academic literature and the link between external
conflicts and violent radicalisation. More research on terrorist
recruitment, indoctrination and training, and current radicalisation
processes, would inform future state response strategies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="33%" valign=top style='width:33.0%;padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;
height:248.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=doc6 id=doc6></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Pro-poor growth </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Document&id=3401&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><b><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Conceptualising
Empowerment and the Implications for Pro-Poor Growth</span></b></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>This
Institute of Development Studies paper proposes a framework for how
empowerment of the poor can be conceptually understood and operationally
explored through the different facets of social, economic and political
empowerment. These are the conceptual tools for identifying complex and
mutually dependent processes that development actors can support and
facilitate for achieving pro-poor growth. However, international
development actors often lack awareness of much that is already known about
these issues.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:18.75pt'>
<td colspan=3 valign=top style='padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;
height:18.75pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Search
the complete catalogue of over 2500 summaries of top quality research
publications and practical guidance at: <a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/document-library&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>http://www.gsdrc.org/go/document-library</span></a>.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Document
recommendations are welcome at <a href="mailto:enquiries@gsdrc.org"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>enquiries@gsdrc.org</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
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notice at fixed daily rates, as well as more in-depth literature reviews
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questions we have answered recently. To request research services, please
contact <a href="mailto:helpdesk@gsdrc.org" target="_blank"><span
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=help1 id=help1></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Gender </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
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href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Helpdesk&id=525&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Gender and Growth in China</span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Question:
</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'>Please provide literature on possible links between China’s
growth and gender equality. Please also include wider literature examining
the links between economic growth and gender equality.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><br>
Key findings:</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'> The first half of this report provides case studies
examining the links between economic growth and gender equality in China.
Most resources focus on the economic reforms associated with WTO accession
and examine their gendered impacts. They all find that China’s impressive
economic growth has failed to benefit men and women proportionately.
Several authors argue that growth has actually increased inequality, or has
created new gender inequalities. Women now generally occupy lower paid and
lower status jobs than men.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The
second half of the report highlights resources on growth and gender in
other countries, predominantly in sub-Saharan Africa, this time focussing
on the impact of gender inequality on growth. They generally conclude that
gender inequality has a negative effect on growth. The following are
identified as particular barriers to African women fully participating in
economic activity:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo5'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>high
fertility rates<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo5'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>gender gaps
in education<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo5'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>lack of
access to formal employment<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l4 level1 lfo5'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>gender gaps
in access to assets and inputs in agriculture.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Read
the <a href="http://www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/HD615.pdf" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>full report</span></a>.</span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%" valign=top style='width:50.0%;padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;
height:260.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=help2 id=help2></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Peacebuilding </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Helpdesk&id=520&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Peacebuilding and Access to Justice in
Sri Lanka </span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Question: </span></b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Please
identify key readings on peacebuilding and access to justice in Sri Lanka.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><br>
Key findings: </span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'>Since the signing of a ceasefire agreement in 2002, many
donors have sought to facilitate the peace process through peace
conditionalities. Much of the literature stresses, however, that diplomatic
processes and efforts to address structural causes of conflict are also
essential. Moreover, donors have had to recognise their responsibility to
provide aid to the worst conflict-affected areas, regardless of whether
conditionalities were fulfilled.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Much
of the literature also finds that economic peace dividends were generally
lacking. This is attributed largely to a focus on neo-liberal approaches by
donors that centred on economic growth, rather than immediate
socio-economic relief.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The
manner in which donors funded civil society has also been critiqued. Most
funding has been directed to NGOs in Colombo. This has marginalised
volunteer and lower class civil society workers in other geographic areas.
There is also concern that civil society activities are not sufficient for
conflict transformation and sustainable peace. Much of the literature
emphasises the need to include not just different ethnic groups, but also
different religious groups and classes, and women.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Another
area essential for conflict transformation and peacebuilding is the need to
address the legacy of large-scale human rights violations. This has been
given scant attention thus far.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Read
the <a href="http://www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/HD610.pdf" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>full report</span></a>. </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr style='height:419.25pt'>
<td width="50%" valign=top style='width:50.0%;padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;
height:419.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=help3 id=help3></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Migration </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Helpdesk&id=523&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Climate Change and Migration</span></strong></a>
</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Question: </span></b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>How
will climate change affect the movement of people living in developing
countries?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><br>
Key findings: </span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'>Methodologically, it is very difficult if not impossible to
unpack the different environmental drivers and triggers of migration.
Nevertheless, empirical research does not support the claim that climate
change will trigger waves of South-North interregional migration. Most
displacements are likely to be within country borders. Cross-border
migration, where it does exist, is likely to happen within existing social
networks, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Initially
the bulk of population movements is expected to be disaster driven. These
may become longer term in situations where either the environment is no
longer able to promote return or where other vulnerabilities make return
impossible.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>A
commonly held view is that those aspects of climate variability most likely
to affect migration are the ones which impact on environmentally based
livelihoods and are location-specific. However, those most vulnerable to
both climate change and forced migration have the least resources to
undertake long-distance migration, so are often left behind.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The
extent to which new migratory trends are likely to emerge as a result of
climate change is still unclear. Some argue that, as a ‘threat-multiplier’,
climate change is more likely to exacerbate existing problems although it
is unclear is by how much. Others argue that new trends are likely to
emerge (e.g Alaska, Pacific islands) but there is currently only limited
case study evidence for this.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Read
the <a href="http://www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/HD613.pdf" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>full report</span></a>.</span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width="50%" valign=top style='width:50.0%;padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;
height:419.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=help4 id=help4></a><strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Monitoring and evaluation </span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/display&type=Helpdesk&id=524&source=bulletin"
target="_blank"><strong><span style='font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>Poverty and Vulnerability Monitoring </span></strong></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:
9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Question: </span></b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>What
significant differences are there in the methodologies used for ‘poverty
monitoring’ and ‘vulnerability monitoring’? What are the strengths and
weaknesses of these methodologies?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><br>
Key findings: </span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'>Whilst it is very difficult to compare the specific tools
and methodologies used for poverty monitoring (PM) with those used for
vulnerability monitoring (VM), it is possible to make some general
observations in relation to differences between them:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo6'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>In essence,
the 2 approaches are monitoring different concepts. Poverty can be
seen as a defined state. In contrast, vulnerability is often viewed as
a dynamic process. VM is therefore likely to entail the use of a
broader range of indicators than PM.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo6'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Poverty is
measured historically, whereas vulnerability is an assessment of the
likelihood of poverty (or food insecurity, flooding etc.) at some
stage in the near future.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo6'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>PM primarily
uses quantitative research methods, whereas VM may be more suited to
incorporating qualitative methods.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo6'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>PM occurs
within the defined framework of a PRSP, or equivalent. VM does not.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Nevertheless,
there are similarities between PM and VM, and some experts advocate
combining the approaches. For example, PM could be improved by ‘taking a
vulnerability approach’, incorporating indicators that show the dynamic
processes and relational aspects of poverty.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Read
the <a href="http://www.gsdrc.org/docs/open/HD614.pdf" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>full report</span></a>.</span></strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%"
style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'>
<tr style='height:50.25pt'>
<td width="66%" style='width:66.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:50.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><a
name=cons></a><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:3.75pt;margin-right:0cm;
margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:5.25pt;margin-bottom:.0001pt;line-height:
17.0pt'><b><span style='font-size:13.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#FF7900'>Consultancy Services<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
</td>
<td width="33%" style='width:33.0%;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;height:50.25pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><a
href="#top"><span style='color:#FF7900;text-decoration:none'>Back to top</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20;display:none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width="100%"
style='width:100.0%;border-collapse:collapse'>
<tr style='height:322.5pt'>
<td style='padding:5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt 5.25pt;height:322.5pt'>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>The
GSDRC's consultancy services provide governments, donors and other
organisations responsible for policy design and implementation across key
areas of pro-poor development with rapid access to a large pool of high
quality consultants and networks, enabling you to quickly mobilise
specialists when you need them. We handle all contract management and
ensure project delivery according to specification. For further details,
please visit the <a href="http://www.gsdrc.org/go/consultancy-services"
target="_blank"><span style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>GSDRC
website</span></a> or contact the consultancy services manager, Bev
Fletcher at: <a href="mailto:consultants@gsdrc.org" target="_blank"><span
style='color:#492F91;text-decoration:none'>consultants@gsdrc.org </span></a>or
call +44 118 9566066.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><b><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Monthly
report</span></b><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='line-height:12.0pt'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Completed
assignments</span></strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo7'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Cambodia:
Evaluation of the Pilot on Performance Management and Incentives
Programme (PMIP) within Forestry, Fisheries and Land Subsectors under
the Natural Resources Management and Livelihood Programme<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo7'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Pakistan:
Civil Society Strengthening<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo7'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Tajikistan:
Zarafshan Valley Initiative Project: Independent Evaluation<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo7'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>United
Kingdom: iiG University of Oxford: Mid-Term Review and Annual Review<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l9 level1 lfo7'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Ethiopia:
Design of a Monitoring and Evaluation System for the Public Sector
Capacity Building Programme<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>New
assignments</span></strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo8'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Pakistan:
Governance and Institutional Appraisal for Poverty Reduction Budget
Support Design<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l2 level1 lfo8'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Ethiopia:
Support to MoFA Planning, Consultation and Facilitation<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:3.75pt;line-height:12.0pt'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#231F20'>Ongoing
assignments</span></strong><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#231F20'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ul type=disc>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo9'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Bangladesh:
Strategic Conflict Assessment<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo9'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Montserrat:
Design of the Next Phase of Public Service Reform<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo9'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>United
Kingdom: Global Schools Forum - Impact Assessment<o:p></o:p></span></li>
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style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>United
Kingdom: Development and Delivery of a Governance Training Programme
for DFID Advisers<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo9'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>United
Kingdom: Learning Lessons on Research Uptake and Use - A Review of
DFID's Research Communication Programmes<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto;line-height:12.0pt;mso-list:l0 level1 lfo9'><span
style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>United
Kingdom: Short-term Governance Resource for CRD<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class=MsoNormal style='color:#231F20;mso-margin-top-alt:auto;
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style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Tajikistan:
Zarafshan Valley Initiative Project: Independent Evaluation<o:p></o:p></span></li>
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style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Uganda:
Impact Assessment of DFID support to Civil Society in Uganda<o:p></o:p></span></li>
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