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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Not directly related to microinsurance, but probably of interest
to those working in the field of health insurance<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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v:shapes="Image_x0020_1"><![endif]><span lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>Véronique Faber, </span><u><span
lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D'>veronique.ada@microfinance.lu</span></u><span
lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>21-25 Allée Scheffer, L-2520 Luxembourg - Tél.:+352/45.68.68.25;
Fax.:+352/45.68.68.68<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#17365D'><a href="http://www.microfinance.lu/"><span style='color:#17365D'>www.microfinance.lu</span></a>
<a href="mailto:adainfo@microfinance.lu"><span style='color:#17365D'>adainfo@microfinance.lu</span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR-CH style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Skype: veronique.faber - Autres sites web: </span><u><span
lang=FR-CH style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D'>http://</span></u><u><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D'><a
href="blocked::http://www.lamicrofinance.org/"
title="http://www.lamicrofinance.org/"><span lang=FR-CH style='font-size:10.0pt;
color:#17365D'>www.lamicrofinance.org</span></a></span></u><span lang=FR-CH
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D'>; </span><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#17365D'><a
href="http://www.microinsurancefocus.org/"
title="http://www.microfinancegateway.org/resource_centers/insurance/"><span
lang=FR-CH style='font-size:10.0pt;color:#17365D'>http://www.microinsurancefocus.org</span></a></span><span
lang=FR-CH style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span lang=FR-CH style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:13.5pt;font-family:Webdings;
color:green'>P </span><i><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:green'>Before printing, think about the environment </span></i><span
style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";color:#1F497D'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>De :</span></b><span
lang=FR style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>
id21-news@lyris.ids.ac.uk [mailto:id21-news@lyris.ids.ac.uk] <br>
<b>Envoyé :</b> mercredi 7 janvier 2009 00:59<br>
<b>À :</b> Véronique Faber<br>
<b>Objet :</b> id21 News January 2009<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=660
style='width:495.0pt'>
<tr>
<td style='background:#431963;padding:7.5pt 3.75pt 7.5pt 3.75pt'>
<h1 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:2.4pt;
margin-left:0cm'><span style='font-size:14.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:white'>id21News<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
<h2 style='margin-top:0cm'><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:white'>Research findings for development policy and practice<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";display:
none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=660
style='width:495.0pt'>
<tr>
<td width=160 valign=top style='width:120.0pt;background:#008194;padding:
3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt' id=marginheader>
<h2><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:white'>January 2009<o:p></o:p></span></h2>
</td>
<td width=500 valign=top style='width:375.0pt;border:none;border-left:solid white 1.5pt;
background:#DC7602;padding:3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt' id=bodyheader>
<h1><a name=header1></a><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";
color:white'>This month's research highlights<o:p></o:p></span></h1>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";display:
none'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=660
style='width:495.0pt'>
<tr>
<td width=160 valign=top style='width:120.0pt;background:#F2EEEB;padding:
3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt' id=margin>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;
margin-bottom:4.8pt;margin-left:0cm'><b><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'><a href="#header1">This
month's research highlights</a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>Protecting poor people from
the cost of ill health<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>Debating small-scale farms<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>Unplanned urbanisation
increases health risks<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>Can Community-Led Total
Sanitation end open defecation and improve health?<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>Sharing lessons and
experience between the adaptation and disaster risk reduction sectors<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>Inequality undermines
education opportunities for millions of children<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:7.5pt;margin-right:0cm;
margin-bottom:4.8pt;margin-left:0cm'><b><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'><a href="#header2">id21
viewpoints </a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>The world comes to Nanjing
for the World Urban Forum<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>HIV and AIDS, food prices
and the need to build bridges between health and agriculture <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>id21 is a free service that
communicates UK-based international development research to decision-makers
and practitioners working in developing countries.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'><a
href="http://www.id21.org"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0
width=150 height=91 id="_x0000_i1025"
src="http://www.id21.org/emailitems/logo_id21.gif" alt=id21></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>id21 is one of a family of <a
href="http://www.ids.ac.uk/go/knowledge-services">Knowledge Services</a> at <a
href="http://www.ids.ac.uk/">IDS</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'><a
href="http://www.ids.ac.uk"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img border=0
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>id21 is funded by <a
href="http://www.dfid.gov.uk/">DFID</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'><a
href="http://www.dfid.gov.uk"><span style='text-decoration:none'><img
border=0 width=150 height=32 id="_x0000_i1027"
src="http://www.id21.org/emailitems/logo_dfid.gif" alt=DFID></span></a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:4.8pt'><span style='font-size:8.5pt;
font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#003C84'>Please feel free to forward
this newsletter to your colleagues.<br>
<br>
To access this, or previous editions of the newsletter online please click <a
href="email.html#previous">here</a>. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width=500 valign=top style='width:375.0pt;border:none;border-left:solid white 1.5pt;
padding:11.25pt 3.75pt 3.75pt 3.75pt' id=body>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Each link below
will take you to a collection of Research Highlights on the featured topic,
recently added to the id21 website<b>.<br>
<a href="http://www.id21.org/health/clusters/poverty&illness.html"><br>
Protecting poor people from the cost of ill health</a></b> <br>
When poor people become ill or injured, their entire household can become
trapped in a downward spiral of lost income and high health care costs.
Equitable health financing systems are an essential part of improving access
to health care and protecting poor people from the catastrophic cost of ill
health. Research from Sub-Saharan Africa highlights lessons and challenges
for equitable financing. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.id21.org/nr/small_scale_farms.html"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Debating small-scale farms</span></strong><br>
</a>Can small-scale farming help poor people to escape from poverty? Many
experts argue that small farms are more productive than larger farms, and are
therefore vital in terms of food and income. But other research suggests that
these claims are exaggerated and development initiatives should instead
support the creation of alternative occupations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.id21.org/urban/urbanhealth.html"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>Unplanned urbanisation increases
health risks</span></strong><br>
</a>According to <a href="http://www.who.or.jp/knusp/KNUS_final_report.pdf">'Our
cities, our health, our future'</a>, a recent report from the World Health
Organization, poorly governed cities have resulted in the growth of informal
settlements and slums. These are characterised by unhealthy living and
working environments for a billion people. Urban poor people require, and
need to be engaged by, credible local governments that can address health
inequalities through adequate planning, the allocation of substantial
resources and political commitment.<br>
<br>
<strong><span style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.id21.org/rural/CLTS.html">Can Community-Led Total Sanitation
end open defecation and improve health?</a></span></strong><b><br>
</b>Subsidies to toilet programmes are often wasted as people continue to
defecate in the open, a practice that spreads disease. In contrast,
Community-Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) creates self-awareness about the
negative impacts of waste. The process often leads to immediate action:
people dig, build and start using their own toilets. CLTS has spread to more
than 20 countries in Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Middle East.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><strong><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.id21.org/society/clusters/adaptation.html">Sharing lessons
and experience between the adaptation and disaster risk reduction sectors</a></span></strong><b><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><br>
</span></b><span style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>December
saw the 14th <a href="http://unfccc.int/2860.php">UNFCCC Conference of Parties</a>
(COP-14) in Poznan, Poland. Many experts will call for a greater focus on
helping poor people to adapt to the impacts of a changing climate,
particularly the increasing frequency and intensity of climatic hazards. It
is vital that policymakers learn from the disaster risk reduction (DRR)
sector about how best to cope with these hazards. In turn, DRR strategies
need to include plans for longer term adaptation. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.id21.org/education/UNESCOGMR09.html"><b>Inequality
undermines education opportunities for millions of children</b></a><br>
The failure of governments to tackle deep and persistent inequalities in
education is consigning millions of children to lives of poverty and
diminished opportunity, according to a new UNESCO report. Political indifference,
weak domestic policies and the failure of donors to act on commitments, are
some of the reasons why, says the 2009 Education For All Global Monitoring
Report, 'Overcoming Inequality: Why Governance Matters'. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:-3.75pt;background:#DC7602'><b><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:white'>id21
viewpoints <a name=header2></a><o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.id21.org/viewpoints/PayneDec08.html"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>The world comes to Nanjing for the
World Urban Forum</span></strong><br>
</a>The November 2008 World Urban Forum brought together leading urban
planners, policymakers, researchers and practitioners from around the world.
Geoffrey Payne argues, however, that major donors are not doing enough to
address the challenges of urban growth.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-top:6.0pt;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto'><span
style='font-size:9.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'><a
href="http://www.id21.org/viewpoints/GillespieSeptember08.html"><strong><span
style='font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif"'>HIV and AIDS, food prices and the
need to build bridges between health and agriculture</span></strong><br>
</a>The many potential impacts of rising food prices have been widely
discussed and reported. Stuart Gillespie, from the International Food Policy
Research Institute, argues that the impacts on people with HIV and AIDS need
much greater attention.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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